阅读判断（每题1分，共七分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

 

     On a Monday morning in July, the world's first atom bomb exploded in the New

Mexico desert. Forty seconds later, the shock waves reached the base camp where the Italian-American physicist Enrico Fermi and his team stood. After a mental calculation, Fermi announced to his team that the bomb's energy had equated 10,000 tons of TNT. The bomb team was impressed, but not surprised. Fermi's genius was known throughout the scientific world. In 1938 he had won a Nobel Prize. Four years later he produced the first nuclear chain reaction, leading us into the nuclear age. Since Fermi's death in 1954, no physicist has been at once a master experimentalist and a leading theoretician.

     Like all virtuosos（艺术品鉴赏家）, Fermi had a distinctive style. He preferred the most direct route to an answer. He was very good at dividing difficult problems into small, manageable bits—talent we all can use in our daily lives.

     To develop this talent in his students, Fermi would suggest a type of question now known as a Fermi problem. Upon first hearing one of these, you haven't the remotest notion of the answer, and you feel certain that too little information had been given to solve it. Yet when the problem is broken into sub-problems, each answerable without the help of experts or books, you can come close to the exact solution.

     Suppose you want to determine Earth's circumference（圆周长） without looking it up. Everyone knows that New York and Los Angeles are about 3,000 miles apart and that the time difference between them is three hours. Three hours is one-eighth of a day, and a day is the time it takes the planet to complete one rotation, so its circumference must be eight times 3,000 or 24,000 miles. This answer differs from the true value, 24,902.45 miles, by less than four percent.

Ultimately the value of dealing with everyday problems the way Fermi did lies in the rewards of making independent discoveries and inventions. It doesn't matter whether the discovery is as important as determining the power of an atom or as small as measuring the distance between New York and Los Angeles. Looking up the answer, or letting someone else find it, deprives you of the pleasure and pride that accompany creativity, and deprives you of an experience that builds up self-confidence. Thus, approaching personal dilemmas as Fermi problems can become a habit that enriches your life.

 

 

l         答案及解析：

1．   文章标题分析：Fermi Problem

Mexico desert. Forty seconds later, the shock waves reached the base camp where the Italian-American physicist Enrico Fermi and his team stood.（可见Fermi是一个物理学家， 但是在后续的句子中没有看见与Problem相关的词语或结构的描述）After a mental calculation, Fermi announced to his team that the bomb's energy had equated 10,000 tons of TNT. The bomb team was impressed, but not surprised.

 

1.   Fermi's team was impressed by Fermi's announcement in the base camp because he could even work out the power of the atom bomb in his mind.

A. True            B. False            C. Not mentioned

1．分析：答案：A。该题是细节方面的题。根据句子涉及到的细节内容划分成2层信息：Fermi's team was impressed by Fermi's announcement in the base camp + because he could even work out the power of the atom bomb in his mind. 并利用题干中的“Fermi's team，in the base camp，work out the power of the atom bomb”作为答案线索词，这样在第1段的第2，3，4句中找到答案相关句。

On a Monday morning in July, the world's first atom bomb exploded in the New Mexico desert. Forty seconds later, the shock waves reached the base camp where the  Italian-American physicist Enrico Fermi and his team stood（该句与问题句间接相关）. After a mental calculation（与信息2的内容一致）, Fermi announced to his team that the bomb's energy had equated 10,000 tons of TNT. The bomb team was impressed, but not surprised. （与信息1的内容一致）

提示：在阅读理解/阅读判断题中对句子中的某个结构如：定语，定语从句，状语，同位语结构等进行考察是常见的考点设置点。

 

2.   Fermi, an experimentalist as well as a theoretician, won a Nobel Prize for producing the first nuclear chain reaction in the world.

A. True            B. False            C. Not mentioned

2． 分析：答案：B。该题是细节方面的题。根据句子涉及到的细节内容划分成3层信息：Fermi (is) an experimentalist as well as a theoretician + he won a Nobel Prize + for producing the first nuclear chain reaction in the world. 利用“the first nuclear chain reaction，Nobel Prize”这样的特征词作为答案线索词，这样在第1段中找到答案相关句：

Fermi's genius was known throughout the scientific world. In 1938 he had won a Nobel Prize（与信息2一致）. Four years later he produced the first nuclear chain reaction（与信息3不一致）, leading us into the nuclear age. Since Fermi's death in 1954, no physicist has been at once a master experimentalist and aleading theoretician（与信息1的内容一致）.

提示：进行信息划分后可以使用“一个错误=错误”；“一个没提到=没提到”的判断原则。

 

3.   Dividing a big problem into small problems is a talent Fermi had and a talent that has practical value in life.

A. True            B. False            C. Not mentioned

3. 分析：答案：A。该题是细节方面的题。根据句子涉及到的细节内容划分成2层信息：Dividing a big problem into small problems is a talent Fermi had + （Dividing a big problem into small problems is） a talent tha