职称英语考试卫生类C级课堂笔记第16讲

　　

考题预测：

阅读理解部分仍然至少会有一篇文章直接来自阅读理解部分的练习题

重点推荐文章：

Stress level tied to education level, medical journals, need for emphasis on treatment, U.S. states do poorly in women’s health, losing weight, pushbike peril, late-night drinking, attitudes to AIDS now, ulcers, cigars instead? Sleeplessness, common-cold sense, dreams, diabetes, medical education, high tress may damage memory, adaptation of living things, FDA: human, animal waste threatens produce, early or later day care, controlling the growing TB crisis in China, Obesity: the scourage of the western world, new attempts to eradicate AIDS virus, spacing in animals, how animals keep warm, in-line skating and injuries（B）

非重点推荐文章：

drug reactions –a major cause of death, sleep

例题解析：

passage 1

Losing weight

Girls as young as 10 years old are dieting and in danger of developing unhealthy attitudes about weight，body image and food，a group of Toronto researchers reported Tuesday．

Their study of 2,279 girls aged 10 to 14 showed that while the vast majority had healthy weights，nearly a third felt they were overweight and were trying to lose pounds．Even at the tender age of 10，nearly 32 per cent of girls felt “too fat'’ and 31 per cent said they were trying to diet．

McVey，a researcher at．the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto，and her colleagues

analyzed data collected in a number of surveys of southern Ontario schoolgirls between 1993 and 2003，reporting their findings in Tuesday’s issue of the Canadian Medical Association Journal．

Nearly 80 per cent of the girls had a healthy body weight and only 7.2 per cent were

considered overweight using standard weight-to．height ratios．Most researchers suggest the rate of overweight children in this country is several times higher than that figure．

Nearly 30 per cent of the girls reported they Were currently trying to lose weight，though few admitted to dangerous behavior such as self-induced vomiting．

Still，a test that measured attitudes towards eating showed 10.5 per cent of survey

Participants were already at risk of developing an eating disorder．

“We’re not talking about kids who’ve been prescribed a diet because they’re above average weight or overweight. We’re talking about children who are within a healthy weight range And they have taken it upon themselves to diet to lose weight，” McVey said，acknowledging she found the rates disturbing．She said striking a balance between healthy weights and healthy attitudes towards food and body image is a complex task，with no easy solutions．

 

练习：

1.The study showed that most of the girls

A)were overweight．

B)were on a diet．

C)had unhealthy attitudes about weight

D)had a healthy body weight．

 

2.What percentage of the girls considered themselves overweight?

A)Nearly 80 percent．

B)7.2 percent．

C)Nearly 30percent．

D)10.5 percent．

 

3.The survey participants were girls

A)who were 10.

B)who were 14.

C)who were 10 to 14.

D)who were 10 to 18.

 

4.What kind of institution does the lead researcher work with?

A)A school．

B)A hospital．

C)An association．

D)A charity．

 

5.Unhealthy attitudes about weight，body image and food may

A)lead to an eating disorder．

B)result from self-induced vomiting．

C)make it easier to gain weight．

D)bring about greater competition．

 

答案与解析：

 

文章主题分析： 

Girls as young as 10 years old are dieting and in danger of developing （形成）unhealthy attitudes about weight, body (体型的理解)image and food a group of Toronto researchers reported today. （小到年纪只有10岁的女孩在节食物，在形成对体重，体形食物的不健康的认识，而这些认识是很危险的。）

因此猜测文章可能谈及小女孩对减肥的理解和认识。文章应该是论述文。

直接解题：

1. The study showed that most of the girls

A. were overweight

B. were on a diet

C. had unhealthy attitudes about weight

D. had a healthy body weight

1. D。分析：利用题干中的核心结构most of the girls作为答案线索，这样发现答案相关句：（第2段）Their study of 2,279 girls aged 10 to 14 showed that while the vast majority (“大多数”与线索结构most of the girls呼应)had healthy weights, nearly a third felt they were overweight and were trying to lose pounds. 借助划线结构的含义（大多数女孩体重是健康的）因此判断D是答案。

提示：Girls as young as 10 years old are dieting and in danger of developing （形成）unhealthy attitudes about weight, body (体型的理解)image and food a group of Toronto researchers reported today.容易成为干扰句，而避免干扰的方法—确认答案线索词（题干中的核心内容）是否有较明显的呼应结构/词语。

2. What percentage of the girls considered themselves overweight?

A. nearly 80%

B. 7.2%

C. nearly 30%

D. 10.5%

2． C。利用被选项的特点—分数，作为答案线索，这样分别发现答案相关句,判断答案。

Even at the tender age(年纪较小：小小的) of 10, nearly 32 percent of girls felt too fat （“感到超重”与题干中的“认为自己超重”呼应）and 31 percent said they were trying to diet.

Nearly 80% of the girls had a healthy body weight (与题干中的“认为自己超重”不一致)and only 7.2 percent were considered overweight (were considered overweight是“被认为超重” 与题干中的“认为自己超重”不一致)（by）using standard weight-to-height ratios.

Still, a test that measured attitudes towards eating showed 10.5 percent of survey participants were already at risk of developing an eating disorder(与题干中的“认为自己超重”不一致).

 

3. The survey participants were girls

A. who were 10

B. who were 14.

C. Who were 10 to 14

D. Who were 10 to 18

3. C。 利用被选项的特点—数字，作为答案线索，这样分别发现答案相关句（文章中涉及到年龄的只有一句话）,判断答案。

Their study of 2,279 girls (与题干中的survey participants一致)aged 10 to 14 showed that while the vast majority had healthy weights, nearly a third felt they were overweight and were trying to lose pounds

 

4. What kind of institution does the lead researcher work with

A. at school

B. a hospital

C. an association

D. a charity

4． B。分析：问题问“主要的那个研究者（researcher是单数）在哪个机构工作”，利用题干中的核心结构institution 和lead researcher作为答案线索，这样发现文章中并没有这两个词出现，所以判断可能需要考生进行推断。文章中具体提到的单个的研究者就是McVey(MeVcy, a researcher at the hospital for sick children in Toronto（一家儿童医院的研究者）, and her colleagues analyzed date collected in a number of surveys of southern Ontario schoolgirls between 1993 and 2003, reporting their findings in Tuesday’s issue of the Canadian Medical Association Journal. )而文章的结尾也是以McVey的观点/看法结尾：（McVey said, acknowledging she found the rates disturbing. She said…）因此判断McVey就是题干中提到的“主要研究者”，并判断B是答案。

 

5. Unhealthy attitudes about weight, body image and food may

A. lead to an eating disorder

B. result from self-induced vomiting

C. make it easier to gain weight

D. bring about greater competition

5． A。分析：利用被选项的内容发现答案相关句：(该句重点注意是因为包含了一个被选项的内容)Still, a test that measured attitudes towards eating showed 10.5 percent of survey participants were already at risk of developing an eating disorder.

参考