职称英语考试卫生类C级课堂笔记第21讲

概括大意题解题思路：

1．如果段首句和或段尾句是观点句，可借助段首句和或段尾句的句意判断答案；

2．借助段落中反复出现的核心词/核心结构判断答案；

3．如果段落中有举例的内容，可参考举例内容判断答案；

4．注意段落中出现的观点句（观点句中有时出现这样的一些结构： to sum up (adv.总之, 总而言之); in a word (adv.总之), in conclusion （adv.最后, 总之）等或内容上提到“..研究发现..”， “.某某研究者发现..”），转折句（往往句子中出现“but, however, although, though, nevertheless”等词），因为这些句子可能就是段落的中心句，可参考这些句子句意判断答案。

 

例题解析：

China seek donors to narrow bone marrow（骨髓）gap

1 China has launched a campaign to recruit more bone marrow donors，amid a shortage of funds as well as of sibling donors who could help the growing number of patients in need of life-saving transplants，state media reported on Monday．

2 The Chinese Red Cross began the national campaign over the weekend to find donors for some 4 million patients suffering from leukaemia, thalassaemia and other blood diseases and awaiting bone marrow transplants，the official China Daily said．Every year China has 40,000 new leukaemia patients，most of them under 35 and 50 per cent of them children， the newspaper said．Other reports have linked China’s growing childhood leukaemia to solvents and building materials used in interior decoration．

3 With a tiny pool of bone marrow donors, weakened by the absence of sibling donors for most children because of China’s one-child policy, doctors rely on donors from Taiwan to save many young leukaemia patients，the Beijing Evening News said last weekend．Taiwan，with a population of 22 million，has 210，000 registered donors compared with fewer than 30，000 donors among mainland China’s 1.3 billion people．the newspaper said．

4 Yet the lack of registered donors may reflect a lack of funding for testing and recording data on potential donors rather than a lack of volunteers，the newspaper said．China needs a pool of at least 100.000 donors but testing them would cost more than 50 million yuan (6 million dollars)，it said．

5 The Hong Kong Marrow Match Foundation said it has helped “a handful” of patients in

Beijing，Shanghai and other cities．‘‘The number of requests is increasing’’ from mainland

China；including direct calls to the charity from desperate patients or relatives．said the foundation’s donor coordinator Marven Chin．But the cost of extracting bone marrow from one of the foundation’s 40,000 registered donors and flying it by courier has to be borne by the patients，and many of them have to be aided financially，Chin said．

 

词汇：

marrow n．髓，骨髓

amid prep．在……中，在……当中

sibling n．兄弟(或姐妹)，同胞

transplant n．移植物

leuk(a)emia n．白血病

thalass(a)emia 珠蛋白生成, 障碍性贫血，地中海贫血

solvent n．溶剂，溶媒

pool n．储备库

charity n．慈善团体

desperate adj．绝望的

coordinator n．协调人

extract vt．抽出

courier n．送急件的人，信使

recipient n．接受者练习：

 

1. Paragraph 2 

2. Paragraph 3 

3. Paragraph 4 

4. Paragraph 5 

A Urgent Need for Both Donors and Funds

B Shortage of Donors

C Desperate Leukaemia Patients

D Seriousness of the Current Situation

E Shortage of Funds

F Comparison Between Mainland and Hong Kong and Taiwan

 

5. It seems that many of the recipients are not rich enough 

6. At present the number of bone marrow donors in mainland China is 

7. Some solvents and building materials are considered 

8. Obviously，recruiting voluntary bone marrow donors in mainland China is 

A about one percent of the total population

B to be responsible for childhood leukaemia

C an urgent and tough task to be accomplished

D less than one third of the minimum

E an expensive cost to be paid

F to afford the cost of bone marrow transplantation

 

答案及解析：

1．文章标题分析：China seek donors （捐赠者/donate） to narrow bone marrow （骨髓）gap

2．小标题被选项分析：(注意被选项中的核心词和特征词)

A. Urgent need for both donors and funds （核心词）

B. Shortage of donors（核心词）

C. Desperate leukemia（白血病）patients（特征词）

D. Seriousness of the current situation（核心词）

E. Shortage of funds（核心词）

F. Comparison between mainland and Hong kong and Taiwan （特征词）

 

3．直接解题：

A．Urgent need for both donors and funds （核心词）

B．shortage of donors（核心词）

C．Desperate leukemia（白血病）patients（特征词）

D．Seriousness of the current situation（核心词）

E．Shortage of funds（核心词）

F．Comparison between mainland and Hong kong and Taiwan （特征词）

1. Paragraph 2. ____.

The Chinese Red Cross began the national campaign over the weekend to find donors for some 4 million patients suffering from leukemia, thalassaemia and other blood diseases awaiting none marrow transplants, the official China Daily said. Every year China has 40,000 new leukemia patients, most of them under 35 and 50 percent of them children. The newspaper said. Other reports have linked China’s growing childhood leukemia to solvents and building materials used in interior decoration.

1. D. 分析：思路特点：注意段落中心词 --Leukemia的反复出现暗示C可能是答案，但C强调的是“白血病人的绝望”，可是段落中并没有出现该词或其近义词，因此判断C只是干扰项。避重就轻，抓住段落中的特殊句子“举例句”—段首句和段未句都较长，因此注意段落中的举例句，该句说“每年中国新增4万名白血病患者，其中大多数的都是35岁以下，而其中的一半患者是孩子。”对比该句句意和被选项判断D（当前状况的严重性）最合适。

 

A Urgent need for both donors and funds （核心词）

B shortage of donors（核心词）

C Desperate leukemia（白血病）patients（特征词）

E Shortage of funds（核心词）

F Comparison between mainland and Hong kong and Taiwan （特征词）

2. Paragraph 3. ____.

With a tiny pool of bone marrow donors, weakened by the absence of sibling donors for most children because of China’s one-child policy（。。因为。。造成。。而这也进一步削弱了骨髓捐赠者的储备量）, doctors rely on donors from Taiwan to save many young leukemia patients, the Beijing Evening News said last weekend. Taiwan, with a population of 22 million, has 210,000 registered donors compared with fewer than 30,000 donors among mainland China’s 1.3 billion people, the newspaper said.

2. B。 分析：思路特点： 注意段落中的中心词-- Taiwan 反复出现，所以推测F是答案，但是F中的Hong kong 并没有在段落中出现，因此判断F是干扰项。 “避重就轻”—段首句很长，所以看段未句：段未句说“台湾人口22百万，有21万捐赠者，而中国的13亿人中捐赠者还不到3万人”因此判断B是答案（A的中核心词“资金”没有在段落中出现。所以不选择。）

 

A Urgent need for both donors and funds （核心词）

C Desperate leukemia（白血病）patients（特征词）

E Shortage of funds（核心词）

F Comparison between mainland and Hong kong and Taiwan （特征词）

3. Paragraph 4. ____.

Yet the lack of registered donors may reflect a l